---
name: prisma-database-setup-mysql
description: MySQL Setup. Reference when using this Prisma feature.
license: MIT
metadata:
author: prisma
version: "7.0.0"
---
# MySQL Setup
Configure Prisma with MySQL (or MariaDB).
## Prerequisites
- MySQL or MariaDB database
- Connection string
## 1. Schema Configuration
In `prisma/schema.prisma`:
```prisma
datasource db {
provider = "mysql"
}
generator client {
provider = "prisma-client"
output = "../generated"
}
```
## 2. Config Configuration (v7)
In `prisma.config.ts`:
```typescript
import { defineConfig, env } from 'prisma/config'
export default defineConfig({
schema: 'prisma/schema.prisma',
datasource: {
url: env('DATABASE_URL'),
},
})
```
## 3. Environment Variable
In `.env`:
```env
DATABASE_URL="mysql://user:password@localhost:3306/mydb"
```
### Connection String Format
```
mysql://USER:PASSWORD@HOST:PORT/DATABASE
```
- **USER**: Database user
- **PASSWORD**: Password
- **HOST**: Hostname
- **PORT**: Port (default 3306)
- **DATABASE**: Database name
## Driver Adapter (Prisma ORM 7 required)
Prisma ORM 7 uses the query compiler by default, so you must use a driver adapter.
1. Install adapter and driver:
```bash
npm install @prisma/adapter-mariadb mariadb
```
2. Instantiate Prisma Client with the adapter:
```typescript
import 'dotenv/config'
import { PrismaClient } from '../generated/client'
import { PrismaMariaDb } from '@prisma/adapter-mariadb'
const adapter = new PrismaMariaDb({
host: 'localhost',
port: 3306,
connectionLimit: 5,
user: process.env.MYSQL_USER,
password: process.env.MYSQL_PASSWORD,
database: process.env.MYSQL_DATABASE,
})
const prisma = new PrismaClient({ adapter })
```
## PlanetScale Setup
PlanetScale uses MySQL but requires specific settings because it doesn't support foreign key constraints.
In `prisma/schema.prisma`:
```prisma
datasource db {
provider = "mysql"
relationMode = "prisma" // Emulate foreign keys in Prisma
}
```
## Common Issues
### "Too many connections"
MySQL has a connection limit. Adjust connection pool size in URL:
```env
DATABASE_URL="mysql://...?connection_limit=5"
```
### JSON Support
MySQL 5.7+ supports JSON. MariaDB 10.2+ supports JSON (as an alias for LONGTEXT with check constraints). Prisma handles this, but verify your version.
